Known in antiquity as heliotrope, the sun stone, the word derives from the Greek helios, meaning "sun," and trepein, "to attract." Heliotrope signified "sun-turning," and legends were attributed to this stone for the belief that when placed in the rays of the setting sun, or immersed in water, it turned the reflection of the sun to blood-red. Its use for healing, and its connection to blood and detoxification of the organs, dates back five thousand years to Mesopotamia.

Notions about the manner in which the stone reflects the light, as well as its ancient magical associations, are also described by Pliny the Elder in his Natural History. As noted in "The Book of Talismans, Amulets and Zodiacal Gems by William Thomas and Kate Pavitt (1922), the ancient Greeks and Romans wore the stone to bring favour, endurance, good health and as a charm against the bite of venomous creatures.

Greek and Roman athletes favoured it as talisman for success in their games, as it was reputed to bring its owner respect, good fortune, riches and fame. Its coagulant effect was renowned, and for this reason, Roman soldiers often carried it as an amulet of protection and courage.